2 DATAPOINTS and A MODEL (x=1,y=2) and (x=2,y=8) are 2 indep. obsns. from no-intercept model E[y|x] = β x.
y might be the total numbers of errors on x randomly sampled pages of a document, e.g., 2 errors in x=1 page, and 8 errors in total in a separate sample of x = 2 pages. β is the mean no. of errors per page of the document. .... OR, y might be the total weight of x randomly sampled pages of a document: 2 units of weight in total for a sample of x = 1 page, and 8 units for a separate sample of x = 2 pages, β is the mean weight per page.
Why did statisticians, epidemiologists, and grade 6 students produce several different estimates, e.g., 4.0, 3.6, 3.46 and 3.33/page? .